Chemical composition, sources and evolution of wintertime inorganic and organic aerosols in urban Shanghai, China
نویسندگان
چکیده
China experienced severe haze pollution in the past decades. However, systematic characterization of atmospheric fine particles with advanced measurement techniques has been very scarce Shanghai, which is largest megacity China. Herein, we present non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM 1 ) urban Shanghai during winter 2017 by applying an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM, Aerodyne Research Inc.). The NR-PM predominated organics (43%), followed nitrate (29%), sulfate (18%), ammonium (7%), and chloride (3%). Regarding organic (OA) factors, three factors were identified classified as hydrocarbon-like (HOA), less-oxygenated (LO-OOA), more-oxygenated (MO-OOA), contributed 32%, 22%, 46% to total respectively. composition exhibited increase secondary inorganic (SIA) (sulfate, ammonium) contribution from clean episodes (49%) (59%), while decreased accordingly 48% 39%. strong high-relative humidity (RH) indicated that aqueous-phase oxidation SO 2 could be important formation process for particulate air period. was elevated 25% 32% polluted episodes, likely owing relative facilitates hydrolysis N O 5 gas-to-particle partitioning hydrophilic NH 4 NO 3 and. Further analysis relevance suggested mainly driven chemistry reactions, whereas photochemical became formation. Meanwhile, may also influenced oxidative tracer (i.e., x ), a distinct peak at noon under condition.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Environmental Science
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2296-665X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1199652